Thursday, 27 November 2014

NASA Coverage Set for Fifth SpaceX Resupply Mission to Space Station

The fifth SpaceX cargo mission to the International Space Station (ISS) under NASA's Commercial Resupply Services contract is scheduled to launch Tuesday, Dec. 16, from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. NASA Television coverage of the launch begins at 1:15 p.m. EST.



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Wednesday, 26 November 2014

CometWatch 20 November - In the shadow of the coma

This NAVCAM mosaic comprises four individual images taken on 20 November from a distance of 30.8 km from the centre of Comet 67P/C-G. The image resolution is 2.6 m/pixel, so each original 1024 x 1024 pixel frame measured about 2.7 km across. The mosaic has been slightly rescaled, rotated, and cropped, and measures roughly 4.2 x 5.0 km. Due to rotation and translation of the comet during the image taking sequence, making a mosaic involves some compromises, as features change slightly from one image to the next. In addition, scattering in the NAVCAM optics can lead to large-scale intensity artefacts which are difficult to cater for when mosaicing. Thus, for this set of NAVCAM images, some pre-mosaicing masking and post-mosaicing localised intensity adjustments have been made to reduce the low-level artefacts. By their very nature, these adjustments are not perfect. However, as always, the individual images have also been made available below to allow you to check the accuracy of the mosaicing and intensity matching. The image shows vast outflows of gas and dust, as well as smaller ‘jets’ stemming from the neck and the larger lobe of the comet, suggesting increased levels of activity since rendezvous in August. Post-processing in LightRoom was also used to bring out the faint outflows, while retaining the brighter features on the comet. Exceptionally, an increased exposure and contrast version of the mosaic is also provided to give an even better view of the outflowing material. In particular, at the bottom of the mosaic, the non-illuminated part of the comet stands out as a silhouette against the broader diffuse emission coming from the comet's coma. There are hints of a diffuse 'atmosphere' close to the surface of the comet seen along the illuminated edges, but this could be due to scattering in the NAVCAM […]



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NASA Airborne Campaigns Tackle Climate Questions from Africa to Arctic

Five new NASA airborne field campaigns will take to the skies starting in 2015 to investigate how long-range air pollution, warming ocean waters, and fires in Africa affect our climate.



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NASA Seeks Comments on Possible Airship Challenge

Artist's concept for a high-altitude



NASA is considering issuing a challenge for developing stratospheric airships that can break records for duration of flight at high altitudes.










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Tuesday, 25 November 2014

NASA Sets Prelaunch Activities, Television Coverage for Orion Flight Test

The first flight test of Orion, NASA’s next-generation spacecraft that will send astronauts to an asteroid and onward to Mars, is scheduled for Thursday, Dec. 4. NASA will host a series of news conferences and flight test commentary on NASA Television, as well as media events at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.



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JPL and Caltech to Host 2018 COSPAR Conference

Pasadena, California, will host the 2018 COSPAR meeting.



The Committee on Space Research (COSPAR), an international scientific organization, will have its 2018 meeting in Pasadena, California, hosted by Caltech and supported by JPL.










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NASA Opens Cube Quest Challenge for Largest-Ever Prize of $5 Million

Registration now is open for NASA's Cube Quest Challenge, the agency’s first in-space competition that offers the agency’s largest-ever prize purse.



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Monday, 24 November 2014

New Crew Arrives at Space Station to Continue Scientific Research

Three new crew members representing the United States, Russia and Italy are at the International Space Station (ISS).



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Saturday, 22 November 2014

Rosetta Comet Landing in 'Thud' and 3D

This 3D image shows what it would look like to fly over the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko.



The initial descent of the Rosetta mission's comet lander Philae was captured in a 3D image and in sound by instruments aboard the spacecraft.










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Extreme Shrimp May Hold Clues to Alien Life

Densely-Grouped Shrimp



At one of the world's deepest undersea hydrothermal vents, tiny shrimp are piled on top of each other, layer upon layer, crawling on rock chimneys that spew hot water.










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Mars Exploration Program Director Named

Jim Watzin, new director for NASA's Mars Exploration Program



Jim Watzin has been named the new director for NASA's Mars Exploration Program at NASA Headquarters in Washington.










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NASA Issues 'Remastered' View of Jupiter's Moon Europa

Europa's Stunning Surface



Scientists have produced a new version of what is perhaps NASA's best view of Jupiter's ice-covered moon, Europa.










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Friday, 21 November 2014

NASA Announces New Opportunities for Public Participation in Asteroid Grand Challenge

Ten new projects are providing opportunities for the public to participate in NASA's Asteroid Grand Challenge, which accelerates the agency's asteroid initiative work through innovative partnerships and collaborations.



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Approaching a comet in 3D

As Philae approached Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on 12 November 2014, the lander's downward-looking camera ROLIS took images of the descent. Now the ROLIS team from DLR has used two of them to produce a stereographic image. To appreciate the 3D effect, the image must be viewed with red-blue/green glasses. This image combines two ROLIS images, acquired about an hour before the first touchdown at 15:34 GMT/16:34 CET (time onboard the spacecraft), which was confirmed on Earth at 16:03 GMT/17:03 CET. The images are separated by two minutes and the resolution is three metres per pixel. *** The ROsetta Lander Imaging System (ROLIS) was developed by the DLR Institute of Planetary Research in Berlin, Germany, under the leadership of principal investigator Stefano Mottola.



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Homing in on Philae’s final landing site

Based on inputs provided by the CONSERT principal investigator Wlodek Kofman, CNRS researcher at the Institut de Planétologie et d'Astrophysique de Grenoble, Grenoble, France. In addition to the on-going visual searches using OSIRIS and NAVCAM images, the CONSERT experiment is helping scientists to locate Philae’s final landing site. CONSERT, or the Comet Nucleus Sounding Experiment by Radio wave Transmission, is an experiment that works between the Rosetta orbiter and the Philae lander. It works by transmitting radio signals from the orbiter to the lander, and when the geometry is right, the signals pass through the nucleus of the comet, allowing its interior to be analysed. The signals are received on the lander, where some data is extracted, and then immediately a new signal is transmitted back to the orbiter, where the main experimental data collection occurs. As the radio waves pass through different parts of the cometary nucleus, variations in propagation time and amplitude occur, and these can be used to determine various properties of the internal material and carry out a form of ‘tomography’. But CONSERT is also being used to help identify the location of the lander, in combination with work performed by ESOC Flight Dynamics, the Philae lander team, the ESA Rosetta Science Ground Segment, and the OSIRIS camera team. By making measurements of the distance between Rosetta and Philae during the periods of direct visibility between orbiter and lander, as well as measurements made through the core, the team have been able to narrow down the search to the strip presented in the image shown above. The determination of the landing zone is dependent on the underlying comet shape model used, which is why there are two candidate regions marked. Planned high-resolution imaging by OSIRIS will be used to study the CONSERT predicted area. The CONSERT […]



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Researchers Advance 'Quantum Teleportation'

Quantum mechanics can be confusing. This cartoon helps explain recent research



New research from JPL could have implications for transmitting information securely, including communications between Earth and spacecraft.










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NASA Awards Launch Services Contract for Ionospheric Connection Explorer

NASA has selected Orbital Sciences Corporation of Dulles, Virginia, to provide launch services for the Ionospheric Connection Explorer (ICON) mission.



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Thursday, 20 November 2014

NASA Selects Student Teams for High-Powered Rocket Challenge

NASA has selected eight teams from middle and high schools across the country to participate in the 2014-2015 NASA Student Launch Challenge, April 7-12, organized by NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.



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Cometwatch – 17 November

After last week's intense activities centred on Rosetta's lander Philae and its descent to the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, it's time to take another look at this beautiful comet through Rosetta's navigation camera. This NAVCAM mosaic comprises four individual images taken on 17 November from a distance of 42.0 km from the centre of Comet 67P/C-G. The image resolution is 3.6 m/pixel, so each original 1024 x 1024 pixel frame measured about 3.7 km across. The mosaic has been cropped (but not rotated) and measures roughly 5.0 x 4.7 km. Some slight contrast enhancement has also been applied. Due to rotation and translation of the comet during the image taking sequence, making a mosaic involves some compromises. However, as always, the individual images have also been made available below to allow you to check the accuracy of the mosaicing and intensity matching. Framed between the larger lobe of the comet on the left and the smaller one on the right, the 'neck' of the comet appears in full glory, showing the highly textured cliffs on the smaller lobe, above the neck, and traces of activity stemming from the neck. A number of small white blobs also appear in the image, likely specks of dust or other small objects in the vicinity of the comet.



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The sound of touchdown

Sensors in the feet of Rosetta’s lander Philae have recorded the sound of touchdown as it first came into contact with Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The instrument, SESAME-CASSE, was turned on during the descent and clearly registered the first touchdown as Philae came into contact with the comet, in the form of vibrations detected in the soles of the lander’s feet. Image credit: ESA/ATG medialab – Audio file credit: ESA/Rosetta/Philae/SESAME/DLR - USAGE: This file is copyright protected and is NOT now available under any CC licensing. It may be used only for non-profit, education or personal use. For any other use, please contact DLR, Institute of Planetary Research, Asteroids and Comets, Berlin, Klaus Seidensticker. Note that this is an actual sound file; i.e. it is a recording of mechanical vibrations at acoustic frequencies. No modification was necessary except for some technical adjustments (e.g. the .wav format requires amplitude normalisation). Actual frequency content and duration are unchanged. SESAME is the lander’s Surface Electrical Sounding and Acoustic Monitoring Experiment, and comprises three suites of instruments: CASSE – the Comet Acoustic Surface Sounding Experiment, which allows mechanical parameters of the surface to be deduced, along with details of the structure of the subsurface; DIM – the Dust Impact Monitor, which measures properties of impacting comet grains; PP – the Permittivity Probe, which determines one of the key electrical properties of the material beneath Philae, which is linked to the water ice content of the surface. Klaus Seidensticker from the DLR Institute of Planetary Research says: “Our data record the first touchdown and show that Philae’s feet first penetrated a soft surface layer – possibly a dust layer – several centimetres thick until they hit a hard surface – probably a sintered ice-dust layer – a few milliseconds later.” Data from the SESAME-DIM instrument meanwhile suggest […]



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Rosetta continues into its full science phase

Read the full report of what's coming next for Rosetta and its science mission via the ESA Portal webstory: Rosetta continues into its full science phase



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NASA's SMAP May Clarify Link from Wet Soil to Weather

Northern India is one of the soil moisture hot spots found in Koster's study.



Weather -- rain, heat and wind -- affects the moisture in soil that allows plants to grow. How does soil moisture influence weather in return?










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NASA Awards Agencywide Acquisition of Liquid Hydrogen Contract

NASA has awarded the agencywide Acquisition of Liquid Hydrogen contract to Praxair, Inc. of Danbury, Connecticut.



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Wednesday, 19 November 2014

Did Philae drill the comet?

Philae’s Sampling, Drilling and Distribution (SD2) subsystem was activated towards the end of the surface operations that Philae performed on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko last week, despite fears that it might alter the lander’s precarious position following its third touchdown. Here we present the latest update from the SD2 team. SD2’s goal was to drill into the comet surface in order to collect and deliver samples to the COSAC and Ptolemy instruments inside the lander (Click here for our introductory post on SD2). It was the last of the lander’s ten instruments to be operated during the night of the 13–14 November. SD2 principal investigator Amalia Finzi has reported that the drill was deployed as planned, extending 46.9 cm below the balcony of the lander and 56.0 cm from its reference point. “It was then retracted to the reference position, the carousel turned in a way that the sampling tube was in front of the right oven, the discharge operation from the sampling tube to the oven was completed, and the carousel rotated in a way that that oven was positioned at COSAC’s location,” she said. Although the ovens worked correctly, the scientists do not yet know how much – if any – material was actually delivered to the ovens by SD2, or whether the instruments sampled dust or gas that entered the chamber during the touchdown. Because Philae was not anchored to the comet surface, it is also possible that, if the drill touched a particularly hard surface material, it moved the lander instead of drilling into the surface. Furthermore, the SD2 instrument lacks dedicated sensors to determine whether or not the surface has been reached, whether a sample was then collected in the sample tube, or if it was then discharged into the oven. But other instruments on board Philae […]



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Reddit AMA 20 Nov 19:00CET start

Engineers from ESOC and the Lander Control Centre will take part in a reddit AMA (Ask me Anything!) on Thursday, 20 November 19:00CET start. More details here shortly.



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NASA Announces Early Stage Innovations Space Tech Research Grants

NASA has selected 11 university-led proposals for the study of innovative, early stage technologies that address high priority needs of America's space program.



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NASA Teams with South Korean Agency to Further Improve Air Traffic Management

NASA and the Korea Agency for Infrastructure Technology Advancement (KAIA) have signed a memorandum of understanding for future cooperation on the development of advanced air traffic management technologies, benefiting airline passengers and citizens of both nations.



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Tuesday, 18 November 2014

Philae settles in dust-covered ice

Before going into hibernation in the early hours of 15 November 2014, the Philae lander was able to conduct experiments and return its data to Earth. In this blog post we look at the preliminary analysis conducted by the lander’s Multi-Purpose Sensors for Surface and Subsurface Science instrument package, MUPUS. MUPUS began observing the environment around Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko once Philae was released from the Rosetta orbiter at 08:35 GMT on 12 November (this is spacecraft time; the signal confirming separation arrived at Earth just over 28 minutes later, at 09:03 GMT). The first touchdown recorded by Philae occurred at 15:34 GMT (with the signal arriving on Earth at 16:03 GMT), but it later transpired that the harpoons and ice screws did not deploy as planned and the lander subsequently rebounded, experiencing two further touchdowns, at 17:25 and 17:32 GMT (spacecraft time), respectively. Because part of the MUPUS package was contained in the harpoons, some temperature and accelerometer data could not be gathered. However, the MUPUS thermal mapper, located on the body of the lander, worked throughout the descent and during all three touchdowns. At Philae’s final landing spot, the MUPUS probe recorded a temperature of –153°C close to the floor of the lander’s balcony before it was deployed. Then, after deployment, the sensors near the tip cooled by about 10°C over a period of roughly half an hour. “We think this is either due to radiative transfer of heat to the cold nearby wall seen in the CIVA images or because the probe had been pushed into a cold dust pile,” says Jörg Knollenberg, instrument scientist for MUPUS at DLR. The probe then started to hammer itself into the subsurface, but was unable to make more than a few millimetres of progress even at the highest power level of the […]



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NASA Receives Fourth Consecutive Clean Audit Opinion

NASA has received an unmodified, or “clean”, audit opinion on its fiscal year 2014 financial statements, marking the fourth consecutive year of “clean” opinions.



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Geologic Maps of Vesta from NASA's Dawn Mission Published

Geological Map of Vesta



Images from NASA's Dawn Mission have been used to create a series of high-resolution geological maps of the large asteroid Vesta, revealing the variety of surface features in unprecedented detail.










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NASA Television Coverage Set for Next International Space Station Crew Launch

NASA Television will provide extensive coverage of the Sunday, Nov. 23, launch from Kazakhstan of three crew members of Expedition 42/43, as they begin their planned six-hour journey to the International Space Station.



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Monday, 17 November 2014

Next NASA Mars Mission Reaches Milestone

Work on NASA's InSight Lander Starts New Phase



NASA's InSight mission has begun its assembly, test and launch operations phase, on track for a March 2016 launch to Mars.










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OSIRIS spots Philae drifting across the comet

These incredible images show the breathtaking journey of Rosetta’s Philae lander as it approached and then rebounded from its first touchdown on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko on 12 November 2014. The mosaic comprises a series of images captured by Rosetta’s OSIRIS camera over a 30 minute period spanning the first touchdown. The time of each of image is marked on the corresponding insets and is in GMT. A comparison of the touchdown area shortly before and after first contact with the surface is also provided. The images were taken with Rosetta’s OSIRIS narrow-angle camera when the spacecraft was 17.5 km from the comet centre, or roughly 15.5 km from the surface. They have a resolution of 28 cm/pixel and the enlarged insets are 17 x 17 m. From left to right, the images show Philae descending towards and across the comet before touchdown. The image taken after touchdown, at 15:43 GMT, confirms that the lander was moving east, as first suggested by the data returned by the CONSERT experiment, and at a speed of about 0.5 m/s. The final location of Philae is still not known, but after touching down and bouncing again at 17:25 GMT, it reached there at 17:32 GMT. The imaging team is confident that combining the CONSERT ranging data with OSIRIS and navcam images from the orbiter and images from near the surface and on it from Philae’s ROLIS and CIVA cameras will soon reveal the lander’s whereabouts. The insets are provided separately below (the timestamps are recorded in the filenames). All images credit: ESA/Rosetta/MPS for OSIRIS Team MPS/UPD/LAM/IAA/SSO/INTA/UPM/DASP/IDA



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Sunday, 16 November 2014

Philae spotted just after first landing on Comet 67P/C-G

On Friday, we published a series of remarkable NAVCAM images acquired by Rosetta as the orbiter monitored the intended landing point of Philae on 12 November from its orbit above Comet 67P/C-G. The images show what appears to be the shadow of a dust cloud kicked up when Philae made its first touch down on the surface of the comet at 15:35 UTC. The images were provided by ESA's Flight Dynamics team on Friday, who sent them to the web team to be published as soon as possible: we all wanted to make sure you saw them right away. Once we had convinced ourselves that the dark 'splotch' seen in the second of the images was almost certainly the tell-tale signature of Philae's precise first touch-down and bounce, we put them out. However, some careful work by a number of people in ESA's Flight Dynamics team and by followers of our Rosetta blog has shown that these NAVCAM images show more, namely Philae itself, just after the bounce! It appears as a couple of brighter pixels closely accompanied by its shadow in the form of a couple of darker ones just below, both to the right of the diffuse dust cloud shadow. Credit for the first discovery goes to Gabriele Bellei, from the interplanetary division of Flight Dynamics, who spent hours searching the NAVCAM images for evidence of the landing. Once the images were published, there was also quite some speculation by Rosetta blog readers in the comments section, wondering which features might be attributable to the lander. Martin Esser, Henning, and Kasuha in particular were among the first to make insightful observations on the topic, although many others have since joined in. Last but not least, a careful independent review of the images was made by Mikel Canania from […]



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Saturday, 15 November 2014

Our lander’s asleep

With its batteries depleted and not enough sunlight available to recharge, Philae has fallen into 'idle mode' -- a possibly long silence. In this mode, all instruments and most systems on board are shut down. "Prior to falling silent, the lander was able to transmit all science data gathered during the First Science Sequence," says DLR's Stephan Ulamec, Lander manager, who was in the main control room at ESOC tonight. "This machine performed magnificently under tough conditions, and we can be fully proud of the incredible scientific success Philae has delivered." Contact was lost at 00:36 UTC / 01:36 CET, not long before the scheduled communication loss that would have happened anyway as Rosetta orbited below the horizon. From now on, no contact would be possible unless sufficient sunlight falls on the solar panels to generate enough power to wake it up. The possibility that this may happen was boosted this evening when mission controllers sent commands to rotate the lander's main body, to which the solar panels are fixed. This may have exposed more panel area to sunlight. The next possible communication slot begins on 15 November at about 10:00 UTC / 11:00 CET. The orbiter will listen for a signal, and will continue doing so when its orbit enables communication visibility. The hugely successful Rosetta mission will continue, as the spacecraft tracks comet 67P/C-G on its journey to the Sun. Rosetta is the first spacecraft to rendezvous with and orbit a comet and has already returned incredible scientific data. Follow the mission via http://rosetta.esa.int



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Lander battery voltage falling fast

On board Philae, system voltage has fallen very close to 21.5V; below that, the battery won't last much longer. At this time, there is insufficient sunlight to provide power.



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Signal acquired 22:19 CET – waiting confirmation

Rosetta deputy flight director Elsa Montagnon in ESOC's Main Control Room just announced: We acquired signals from Philae just a few minutes ago, but then lost contact again.



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NASA Opens Registration for 2015 Exploration Rover Challenge

NASA has opened team registration for the 2015 NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge. Organized by NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama, the event will be held April 16-18, 2015, at the U.S. Space & Rocket Center, also in Huntsville.



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NASA Commercial Crew Partners Continue System Advancements

NASA's industry partners continue to complete development milestones under agreements with the agency’s Commercial Crew Program. The work performed by Blue Origin, Boeing, Sierra Nevada Corporation and SpaceX during partnership and contract initiatives are leading a new generation of safe, reliable and cost-effective crew space transportation systems to low-Earth orbit destinations.



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Friday, 14 November 2014

New Map Shows Frequency of Small Asteroid Impacts, Provides Clues on Larger Asteroid Population

This diagram maps the data gathered from 1994-2013 on small asteroids impacting Earth's atmosphere



A new map from NASA's Near Earth Object Program reveals that small asteroids frequently enter and disintegrate in Earth's atmosphere with random distribution around the globe.










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Rosetta's Comet Lander Landed Three Times

Image of the first touchdown site for the Rosetta spacecraft's Philae lander on comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko



The Rosetta mission's Philae comet lander bounced off the surface twice before coming to rest on the surface. Many of its science instruments have already sent back data.










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Three touchdowns for Rosetta’s lander

This is an article from ESA's Space Science Portal to summarise Philae's landing so far. For a live summary and latest status update, watch the Google Hangout starting shortly at 13:00 GMT/14:00 CET. After achieving touchdown on a comet for the first time in history, scientists and engineers are busy analysing this new world and the nature of the landing. Touchdown was confirmed at ESA’s Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany at 16:03 GMT/17:03 CET on 12 November. Since then, scientists, flight dynamics specialists and engineers from ESA, the Lander Control Centre in Cologne, Germany, and the Philae Science, Operations and Navigation Centre in Toulouse, France have been studying the first data returned from the lander. These revealed the astonishing conclusion that the lander did not just touch down on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko once, but three times. The harpoons did not fire and Philae appeared to be rotating after the first touchdown, which indicated that it had lifted from the surface again. Stephan Ulamec, Philae manager at the DLR German Aerospace Center, reported that it touched the surface at 15:34, 17:25 and 17:32 GMT (comet time – it takes over 28 minutes for the signal to reach Earth, via Rosetta). The information was provided by several of the scientific instruments, including the ROMAP magnetic field analyser, the MUPUS thermal mapper, and the sensors in the landing gear that were pushed in on the first impact. The first touchdown was inside the predicted landing ellipse, confirmed using the lander’s downwards-looking ROLIS descent camera in combination with the orbiter’s OSIRIS images to match features. But then the lander lifted from the surface again – for 1 hour 50 minutes. During that time, it travelled about 1 km at a speed of 38 cm/s. It then made a smaller second hop, travelling at about […]



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Rosetta mission: Results from comet landing: 14 Nov, 13:00 GMT

Follow our ESA Hangout live today starting at 13:00 GMT / 14:00 CET. Rosetta and Philae teams will provide an update on mission progress.



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NASA Awards NASA Balloon Operations Contract

NASA has awarded the NASA Balloon Operations Contract to Orbital Sciences Corporation of Greenbelt, Maryland for engineering and operations services to support the NASA Balloon Program.



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Thursday, 13 November 2014

Comet with a view

Here is the first panoramic ‘postcard’ from the surface of a comet, returned by Rosetta’s lander Philae, which is currently on the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko: This view, captured by the CIVA-P imaging system on the lander, shows a 360º view around the point of final touchdown. Parts of Philae’s landing gear can be seen in some of the frames. Below is the same image, with superimposed a sketch of the Philae lander in the configuration the lander team currently believe it is in. Confirmation of Philae’s touchdown on the surface of Comet 67P/C–G arrived on Earth at 16:03 GMT/17:03 CET on 12 November.



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40 metres above a comet

Here is an image that was taken by the ROLIS imager on Rosetta's lander Philae when it was about 40 m above the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The image shows that the surface of the comet is covered by dust and debris ranging from mm to meter sizes. The large block in the top right corner is 5 m in size. In the same corner the structure of the Philae landing is visible. *** The ROLIS instrument is a down-looking imager that acquires images during the descent and doubles as a multispectral close-up camera after the landing. The aim of the ROLIS experiment which is lead by DLR is to study the texture and microstructure of the comet's surface. ROLIS (ROsetta Lander Imaging System) is a descent and close-up camera on the Philae Lander. It has been developed by the DLR Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin.



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Media briefing 14:00 CET start

Next media briefing on the Philae comet landing will start at 14:00 CET today, at ESA's Operations Centre, Darmstadt, Germany. Watch the media briefing live via webcast.



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Philae, the ‘happy lander’

Philae is on the surface and doing a marvellous job, working very well and we can say we have a very happy lander!



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Final media briefing from ESOC live now

Live from ESOC at http://ift.tt/1uRImQv



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NASA’s Orion Spacecraft Arrives at Launch Pad, Hoisted onto Rocket Ahead of its First Spaceflight

NASA’s new Orion spacecraft now is at its launch pad after completing its penultimate journey in the early hours Wednesday. It arrived at Space Launch Complex 37 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida at 3:07 a.m. EST, where the spacecraft then was lifted onto a United Launch Alliance Delta IV Heavy rocket in preparation for its first trip to space.



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NASA Statement on Successful Rosetta Comet Landing

Statement from John Grunsfeld, astronaut and associate administrator for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington, about the successful comet landing by the European Space Agency’s Rosetta spacecraft.



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Here comes the lander!

Shortly before Philae’s touchdown on Comet 67P/C-G, the lander’s down-looking descent camera, ROLIS, imaged the surface of the comet: The image shows was acquired during descent on 12 November 2014 at 14:38:41 UT, from a distance of approximately 3 km from the surface. The landing site is imaged with a resolution of about 3m per pixel. The ROLIS instrument is a down-looking imager that acquires images during the descent and doubles as a multispectral close-up camera after the landing. The aim of the ROLIS experiment is to study the texture and microstructure of the comet's surface. In the upper right corner a segment of the Philae landing gear is visible. *** ROLIS (ROsetta Lander Imaging System) is a descent and close-up camera on the Philae Lander. It has been developed by the DLR Institute of Planetary Research, Berlin.



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Touchdown! Rosetta’s Philae probe lands on comet

ESA’s Rosetta mission has soft-landed its Philae probe on a comet, the first time in history that such an extraordinary feat has been achieved. After a tense wait during the seven-hour descent to the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko, the signal confirming the successful touchdown arrived on Earth at 16:03 GMT (17:03 CET). The confirmation was relayed via the Rosetta orbiter to Earth and picked up simultaneously by ESA’s ground station in Malargüe, Argentina and NASA’s station in Madrid, Spain. The signal was immediately confirmed at ESA’s Space Operations Centre, ESOC, in Darmstadt, and DLR’s Lander Control Centre in Cologne, both in Germany. Read the full story here.



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Wednesday, 12 November 2014

Touchdown confirmed for Philae at 17:03 CET

Rosetta's lander Philae has landed on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. Keep following the live broadcast from ESOC at http://ift.tt/1uRImQv



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Farewell, Rosetta!

Shortly after parting from Rosetta, the lander Philae took a shot of its mothership: The image was taken with the lander’s CIVA-P imaging system and captures one of Rosetta's 14 metre-long solar arrays. It was stored onboard the lander until the radio link was established with Rosetta around two hours after separation, and then relayed to Earth. The lander separated from the orbiter at 09:03 GMT/10:03 CET and is expected to touch down on Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko seven hours later. Confirmation of a successful touchdown is expected in a one-hour window centred on 16:02 GMT / 17:02 CET. Follow the landing event live: esa.int/rosetta



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Live broadcast from ESOC starting at 15:00 CET

Starting back soon. Stay tuned! http://ift.tt/1uRImQv



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Competition winners at ESOC

While we wait for the first science data to come back from Philae, let's take a look at five special guests who are sitting in the audience here at ESOC today: the winners of three competitions that were launched during the past year of Rosetta to mark some of the mission's milestones. One of the videos winning the #WakeUpRosetta competition early this year was produced by the pupils of the Ellinogermaniki Agogi Primary School in Athens, Greece. The eleven-year old Dimitris Grillis is here representing his school, curious to witness the first landing on a comet and to tell all about it to his friends and teachers once back in Greece; physics teacher Koskos Spyros also came along. The other winning video is by eighteen-year old Józef Dobrowolski from Ostrolzka, Poland, who joined the competition combining his two passions: astronomy and film-making. Mountaineering and a message in a bottle were the themes of the two winning photos of the #AreWeThereYet photo competition, launched just before Rosetta arrived at the comet last summer. Emanuele Andreola, an engineering student from Italy, shot his winning picture on top of a 4000-metre-high peak in the Alps while thinking of the size of Comet 67P/C-G, while Elisabetta Bonora, a space enthusiast and image-processing aficionada also from Italy, launched a bottle containing a Rosetta model and a mysterious message into the Mediterranean sea. In the last of the three competitions, which was launched last month, participants proposed names for the landing site on the comet. The winning name was Agilkia, an island on the Nile River in the south of Egypt, and the overall winner is Alexandre Brouste, a lecturer in mathematics from France who enjoys stargazing and all things space.



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SIGNALS ACQUIRED FROM PHILAE 12:07 CET

Mission control have regained contact with Rosetta as expected after separation, and with Philae that is now descending onto the surface of Comet 67P/C-G.



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Go ROSETTA!

The DSN is honored to be a part of this amazing adventure!



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Rosetta and Philae Go for separation

Following a night of critical Go/NoGo decisions, Rosetta and Philae are cleared for separation, despite a problem onboard the lander. During checks on the lander’s health, it was discovered that the active descent system, which provides a thrust upwards to avoid rebound at the moment of touchdown, cannot be activated. At touchdown, landing gear will absorb the forces of the landing while ice screws in each of the probe’s feet and a harpoon system will lock Philae to the surface. At the same time, a the thruster on top of the lander is supposed to push it down to counteract the impulse of the harpoon imparted in the opposite direction. “The cold gas thruster on top of the lander does not appear to be working so we will have to rely fully on the harpoons at touchdown,”says Stephan Ulamec, Philae Lander Manager at the DLR German Aerospace Center. “We’ll need some luck not to land on a boulder or a steep slope.” “There were various problems with the preparation activities overnight but we have decided to ‘go’. Rosetta is lined up for separation,” says Paolo Ferri, ESA’s head of mission operations. Thus despite the potential problem concerning the moment of touchdown, separation will proceed on the planned timeline. Separation will occur in space at 08:35 GMT / 09:35 CET, but it will take the radio signals from the transmitter on Rosetta 28 minutes and 20 seconds to reach Earth and be transferred to the Rosetta Mission Control Centre at ESA’s Space Operations Centre in Darmstadt, Germany. That means we must wait until about 09:03 GMT / 10:03 CET for confirmation the separation has happened correctly. The Go/No-Go decisions leading up to this milestone began last night at 19:00 GMT / 20:00 CET, with the first confirming that Rosetta is in […]



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NASA’s Canberra station now tracking Rosetta

The 34m antenna at NASA's deep space complex near Canberra, Australia, is now receiving signals from Rosetta, 511 million km from Earth. Thank you very much NASA and JPL for excellent support! Now! #DSS34 tracking @ESA_Rosetta. Good signal coming through. Good luck @Philae2014 #CometLanding http://ift.tt/1xw4e3k — CanberraDSN (@CanberraDSN) November 12, 2014



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Go/NoGo 3 – Philae ready

The Philae Control Team at the Lander Control Centre (DLR/Cologne) have completed a final check and verification of the lander’s health. The GO was given at 02:35 GMT/ 03:35 CET. Following a short manoeuvre set for 07:30 UTC / 08:30 CET, the final GO for separation will be made around 07:35 UTC/08:35 CET.



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ESA rolls out the big iron

For landing operations this week, ESA is once again rolling out the 'big iron' - two of the Agency's three ultra-sensitive 35m deep-space tracking stations, these ones located at Malargüe, Argentina, and New Norcia, Australia.



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REPLAY: Go/NoGo 2

Replay of the ESATV clip reporting the second Go/NoGo decision at 01:00 CET on 12 November.



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Rosetta's Singing Comet

Sound wave superimposed on an image of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko



We've seen early images of comet 67P, and now we're able to "hear it sing," thanks to instruments on the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft.










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European Spacecraft Set to Harpoon a Comet Tomorrow

Jagged Horizon on Rosetta's Destination Comet



European Space Agency's Rosetta mission will attempt to land on a comet tomorrow, Nov. 12.










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Jupiter's Red Spot is Likely a Sunburn, Not a Blush

Research suggests effects of sunlight produce the color of Jupiter's Great Red Spot.



The ruddy color of Jupiter's Great Red Spot is likely a product of simple chemicals being broken apart by sunlight in the planet's upper atmosphere, according to a new analysis of data from NASA's Cassini mission.










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Go/NoGo 2 – Commands ready; Rosetta ready

The second Go/NoGo, comprising two steps, confirms that: Telecommands to control separation and delivery are now complete and ready. That is, the Flight Dynamics Team at ESOC have prepared the final instructions to be uploaded to Rosetta to command the delivery operations on board. The Flight Control Team at ESOC have checked and verified the overall health of the spacecraft, ensuring it is ready to perform. The next expected Go/NoGo – confirming Lander health – will be delayed until about 02:35 GMT/03:35 CET The GO was given at 00:00 GMT/ 01:00 CET. The next Go/NoGo decision to confirm that Philae is ready for separation will be made at 01:35 UTC/02:35 CET.



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REPLAY: Go/NoGo 1

Replay of the ESATV clip reporting on the first Go/NoGo decision taken at 20:30 CET on 11 November.



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Tuesday, 11 November 2014

Comet over cities in Europe

With less than one day until Rosetta deploys Philae on Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, here is a set of images to compare the size of the comet with a few cities across Europe. Let's start with Darmstadt, Germany, home to ESA's European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) where the international media event following the comet landing is taking place this week. Other European cities close ESA's establishments are also featured below: Paris, France, home to ESA's Headquarters; Amsterdam, close to the European Space Research and Technology Centre (ESTEC) in Noordwijk, The Netherlands; Rome, close to ESA’s centre for Earth observation (ESRIN) in Frascati, Italy; Madrid, close to the European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC) at Villanueva de la Cañada, Spain; London, close to European Centre for Space Applications and Telecommunications (ECSAT) in Harwell, Oxfordshire, UK.



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Science Update – 11 November: Three months at the Comet

During this morning's media briefing at the European Space Operations Centre (ESOC) in Darmstadt, Germany, there was also an overview of the scientific activities conducted at Comet 67P/C-G so far, presented by Matt Taylor, ESA Rosetta project scientist. Regular readers of this blog are surely familiar with the progress achieved by Rosetta in the past few months, but for those who are relatively new to the mission, we will summarise Matt Taylor's talk and present the highlights from the science operations so far. Rosetta started scientific operations on 7 May 2014, while still at a distance of almost two million km from the comet. At the time, the comet covered less than one pixel on the sensors of the cameras on Rosetta, but as the spacecraft approached its target, scientists started to realise that the shape of the comet was quite different than what had been assumed on the basis of observations from telescopes on the ground and orbiting around Earth. We are now all well familiar with Comet 67P/C-G's curious shape with a smaller and larger lobe - which scientists now almost customarily call the 'head' and 'body', connected by the 'neck'. Rosetta closed in on its target on 6 August, at a distance of about 100 km, and has been conducting a series of manoeuvres ever since, getting down to distances of less than 10 km from the comet's centre. Over the past three months, scientists from the OSIRIS team have been studying the comet and its surface in great detail to enable the selection of a landing site for Philae and the landing itself. Meanwhile, other instruments on Rosetta have been studying the comet under different 'angles', from the global properties of the coma to the very local properties of dust grains. Using VIRTIS observations in infrared, […]



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Tracking Philae’s descent with magnetic data

ROMAP co-principal investigator Hans-Ulrich Auster from the Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany, explains how the instrument will be used with RPC (on the Rosetta orbiter) to monitor Philae as it descends to the surface of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko on 12 November – as well as looking out for any evidence of a ‘fossil’ magnetic field linked to the comet itself. On 12 November, the magnetic field instruments on-board the Rosetta orbiter and lander will be assigned the task of monitoring Philae as it descends to the surface. That’s possible because both the lander and the orbiter generate small magnetic fields of their own, due to the electronic circuits inside the spacecraft. These magnetic fields create perturbations in the data that the scientists normally remove in order to analyse the purely natural magnetic fields from the comet and the solar wind. However, on 12 November, these perturbations can be analysed to tell what is happening to the lander as it slowly drops towards the surface of 67P/C-G. Once the lander has separated, the magnetic perturbation registered near the orbiter will decrease as Philae moves away. Later, when the lander deploys a boom arm for its ROMAP instrument, it will cause a brief variation in the perturbation. A similar variation may also be registered when the three landing legs spring into place. The perturbations may prove too subtle for the RPC instruments, operating on Rosetta at some distance from Philae, but the ROMAP instrument on the lander will register the changes loud and clear. “We will be able tell what is happening on the lander by the changes in its magnetic field,” says ROMAP co-principal investigator Hans-Ulrich Auster. These measurements will add to the overall picture of Philae’s progress to the surface of the comet. Of course, the main focus of these instruments is […]



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The singing comet

Rosetta’s Plasma Consortium (RPC) has uncovered a mysterious ‘song’ that Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is singing into space. RPC principal investigator Karl-Heinz Glaßmeier, head of Space Physics and Space Sensorics at the Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany, tells us more. RPC consists of five instruments on the Rosetta orbiter that provide a wide variety of complementary information about the plasma environment surrounding Comet 67P/C-G. (Reminder: Plasma is the fourth state of matter, an electrically conductive gas that can carry magnetic fields and electrical currents.) The instruments are designed to study a number of phenomena, including: the interaction of 67P/C-G with the solar wind, a continuous stream of plasma emitted by the Sun; changes of activity on the comet; the structure and dynamics of the comet’s tenuous plasma ‘atmosphere’, known as the coma; and the physical properties of the cometary nucleus and surface. But one observation has taken the RPC scientists somewhat by surprise. The comet seems to be emitting a ‘song’ in the form of oscillations in the magnetic field in the comet’s environment. It is being sung at 40-50 millihertz, far below human hearing, which typically picks up sound between 20 Hz and 20 kHz. To make the music audible to the human ear, the frequencies have been increased by a factor of about 10,000. The music was heard clearly by the magnetometer experiment (RPC-Mag) for the first time in August, when Rosetta drew to within 100 km of 67P/C-G. The scientists think it must be produced in some way by the activity of the comet, as it releases neutral particles into space where they become electrically charged due to a process called ionisation. But the precise physical mechanism behind the oscillations remains a mystery. “This is exciting because it is completely new to us. We did not expect this and we […]



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Media briefing 10 Nov replay

Replay of the first Rosetta mission media briefing at ESA's Space Operations Centre (ESOC), 15:00 CET on 10 November, as the teams prepare for Philae landing and science from the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko.



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NASA Administrator, Ambassadors Brigety and Haslach Discuss Application of NASA Earth Science for Planning in African Union Nations

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden, U.S. Ambassador to Ethiopia Patricia Haslach, and U.S. Ambassador to the African Union (AU) Reuben Brigety, met this week in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to discuss resources available to help mitigate the impacts in Africa of global climate change.



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NASA's New Wind Watcher Ready for Weather Forecasters

ISS-RapidScat data on a North Atlantic extratropical cyclone



In an early holiday gift to the world's weather and marine forecasting agencies, ocean-winds data from NASA's newest Earth-observing mission are being released two months ahead of schedule.










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Newest NASA Mars Orbiter Demonstrates Relay Prowess

Image Relayed by MAVEN Mars Orbiter from Curiosity Mars Rover



The relay radio on NASA's MAVEN spacecraft has completed a successful test of receiving Mars rover data, which MAVEN then forwarded to Earth.










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Cassini Sails into New Ocean Adventures on Titan

Plumbing Coastal Depths in Titan's Kraken Mare



NASA's Cassini mission continues its adventures in extraterrestrial oceanography with new findings about the hydrocarbon seas on Saturn's moon Titan.










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Follow the Dust to Find Planets

This artist's concept depicts giant planets circling between belts of dust.



By studying dust structures around other stars, astronomers are learning where planets are hiding.










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NASA Signs Lease with Planetary Ventures LLC for Use of Moffett Airfield and Restoration of Hangar One

In an effort to reduce costs and shed surplus property, NASA today signed a lease with Planetary Ventures, LLC to manage Moffett Federal Airfield (MFA), an agency facility located in Moffett Field, California, and rehabilitate its historic Hangar One. NASA estimates the lease will save the agency approximately $6.3 million annually in maintenance and operation costs and provide $1.16 billion in rent over the initial 60-year lease term.



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Monday, 10 November 2014

Highlights – media briefing 10 November

We've just finished the first media briefing in the Press Centre at ESOC. We just finished today's 15:00CET media briefing in the Press Centre at ESOC. The briefing was given by Flight Director Andrea Accomazzo, Rosetta Spacecraft Operations Manager Sylvain Lodiot, Project Scientist Matt Taylor, all from ESA, and DLR's Stephan Ulamec, project manager for Philae. Here is a summary: The Rosetta spacecraft and Philae lander are in great shape The commands to control the Philae lander are already uploaded Today, the mission operations team at ESOC including the flight dynamics specialists are planning the spacecraft activities for tomorrow, and these will be translated into on-board commands and uploaded overnight The timing for the Wednesday morning burn (now set for 07:35-08:35CET) is known to only about 30 minutes right now (see the landing timeline) A final pre-delivery orbit determination will be done by teams tomorrow, and then we will know when final the pre-delivery burn will take place For the Orbiter & Lander mission teams, there are a series of GO/NOGO decision points between tomorrow night & separation on Wednesday, now set for 10:03CET The Lander will be switched on this evening and the control team will start warming it up and getting ready Matt Taylor explained: -- This week marks an 'epoch in the mission'; once we're past landing, we start full-on science; we're all 'GO' -- Answering a query on surface texture: We know a bit more than we did before. It's a bit warmer than we initially thought; we're analysing data from several instruments; it's a more dusty surface material somewhere between hard-packed snow and cigarette ash; there are variations, but we're seeing this across the planned landing site. When asked how we know we've landed, S. Ulamec explained: We see telemetry signals telling us we've touched […]



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CometWatch 6 November – target locked!

This four-image NAVCAM mosaic comprises images taken on 6 November from a distance of 30.5 km from the centre of Comet 67P/C-G. The image resolution is 2.6 m/pixel. The mosaic has been slightly rotated and cropped, and measures 3.7 x 3.2 km. Due to rotation and translation of the comet during the image taking sequence, making a mosaic involves some compromises. However, as always, the individual images have also been made available below to allow you to check the accuracy of the mosaicing and intensity matching. The Agilkia landing site can be seen at the ‘top’ of the image ‘above’ the easily recognisable depression that characterises the smaller of the comet’s two lobes. This image was featured as today’s Space Science image of the week.



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Space Station Crew Returns to Earth, Lands Safely in Kazakhstan

Three International Space Station (ISS) crew members returned to Earth Sunday after a 165-day mission that included hundreds of scientific experiments and several spacewalks.



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Saturday, 8 November 2014

NASA Television to Provide Coverage of European Mission Comet Landing

NASA Television and the agency’s website will provide live coverage from 9-11:30 a.m. EST (6-8:30 a.m. PST) of the European Space Agency (ESA) Rosetta mission’s scheduled landing of a probe on a comet on Wednesday, Nov. 12.



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Mars Spacecraft Reveal Comet Flyby Effects on Martian Atmosphere

Artist's Concept of MAVEN's Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph at Work



Two NASA and one European spacecraft that obtained the first up-close observations of a comet flyby of Mars on Oct. 19, have gathered new information.










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Friday, 7 November 2014

Mars Spacecraft Reveal Comet Flyby Effects on Martian Atmosphere

Two NASA and one European spacecraft that obtained the first up-close observations of a comet flyby of Mars on Oct. 19, have gathered new information about the basic properties of the comet’s nucleus and directly detected the effects on the Martian atmosphere.



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NASA Tests Revolutionary Shape Changing Aircraft Flap for the First Time

NASA's green aviation project is one step closer to developing technology that could make future airliners quieter and more fuel-efficient with the successful flight test of a wing surface that can change shape in flight.



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Comet landing – the most critical moments

We'll be biting our nails during these eight critical moments. You should, too!



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VIRTIS detects water and carbon dioxide in comet’s coma

In previous blog posts we’ve heard how VIRTIS is able to map the temperature of the comet’s surface. Now, as Dominique Bockelee-Morvan and Stephane Erard (Observatoire de Paris) report, the VIRTIS science team has started to map gas in the coma. One of the scientific objectives of Rosetta’s Visible and Infrared Thermal Imaging Spectrometer (VIRTIS) is to map the emission of different gases from comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and to study how these change with comet activity. In early October 2014, activity in the region above the ‘neck’ of the comet became high enough for water (H2O) and carbon dioxide (CO2) to be detected by the instrument’s high spectral resolution channel, VIRTIS-H. (The surface mapping is done with an imaging spectrometer, called VIRTIS-M.) From these spectra, it is already possible to tell quite a lot about the gas in the coma. The spectra show infrared molecular bands whose shape depends on the temperature in the coma, whereas the intensity is a function of the number of molecules along the line of sight of VIRTIS. From these measurements, the relative abundance of carbon dioxide with respect to water is estimated to be about 4%, showing that comet 67P/C-G is not as rich in carbon dioxide as comet 103P/Hartley, also a Jupiter-family comet, for which a relative abundance of about 20% was measured by NASA’s EPOXI mission during its brief fly-by on 4 November 2010. Ever since July, VIRTIS has been measuring the average temperature of the comet’s surface, finding it to be around –70 °C at the moment. These measurements of the gas in the coma now allow the science team to say something also about the temperature at some distance from the surface. The current measurements correspond to a height of one kilometre above the surface, where the temperature falls by more […]



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NASA Rolls Out Enhanced, Mobile-Friendly Climate Site

NASA's Global Climate Change website tracks key indicators of climate change



NASA has relaunched its Webby Award-winning website, Global Climate Change, with enhanced interactive features that play on any mobile device, state-of-the-art visuals, and new sections on climate change solutions and the people behind the science.










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Rosetta Races Toward Comet Touchdown

Dark side of comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko



After sailing through space for more than 10 years, the European Space Agency's Rosetta spacecraft is now less than a week shy of landing a robotic probe on a comet.










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NASA’s Orion Spacecraft Set to Roll out to Launch Pad for its First Flight

NASA’s Orion spacecraft is set to roll out of the Launch Abort System Facility (LASF) at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida to its launch pad at nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station’s Space Launch Complex 37 on Monday Nov. 10, in preparation for liftoff next month on its first space flight.



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NASA Rocket Experiment: Universe is Brighter Than We Thought

CIBER launch



A NASA sounding rocket experiment has detected a surprising surplus of infrared light in the dark space between galaxies, a diffuse cosmic glow as bright as all known galaxies combined.










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NASA Rocket Experiment Finds the Universe Brighter Than We Thought

A NASA sounding rocket experiment has detected a surprising surplus of infrared light in the dark space between galaxies, a diffuse cosmic glow as bright as all known galaxies combined.



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Thursday, 6 November 2014

NASA Television to Broadcast Return of Space Station Crew

Three of the crew members aboard the International Space Station are scheduled to depart the orbiting laboratory Sunday, Nov. 9 after almost six months aboard. NASA Television will provide complete coverage.



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NASA Telecon to Discuss Mars Comet Flyby Science

These images were taken of comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter on Oct. 19, 2014



A NASA media telecon on Friday, Nov. 7, will provide initial science observations of comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring's close flyby of Mars and the impact on the Martian atmosphere.










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NASA to Discuss Science Findings of Oct. 19 Comet Flyby of Mars

NASA will host a media teleconference at noon EST on Friday, Nov. 7, to provide initial science observations of comet C/2013 A1 Siding Spring’s close flyby of Mars and the impact on the Martian atmosphere.



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Wednesday, 5 November 2014

CometWatch – 2 November

Enjoy this unusual NAVCAM view of the comet, seen at an angle which features the larger lobe of the comet. It connects the region containing the boulder Cheops in the lower-left, up and over the comet's neck, to the smaller lobe at lower-right. The mosaic comprises four individual NAVCAM images taken from 33.4 km from the comet centre on 2 November. The image resolution is 2.68 m/pixel and thus each original 1024 x 1024 pixel frame measured 2.7 km across. The mosaic has been slightly rotated and cropped and covers 4.1 x 4.1 km: some contrast enhancement has been applied. As always, rotation of the comet and movement of the spacecraft as the sequence of images was taken means that there are slight changes in illumination and perspective from one to the other, so the mosaic may not be perfectly accurate. The four individual images are also provided below:



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NASA's Curiosity Mars Rover Finds Mineral Match

'Confidence Hills' -- The First Mount Sharp Drilling Site



Reddish rock powder from the first hole drilled into a Martian mountain by NASA's Curiosity rover has yielded the mission's first confirmation of a mineral mapped from orbit.










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Tuesday, 4 November 2014

NASA Holds Teleconference on Intriguing Rocket Experiment Results

NASA will host a news teleconference at 2 p.m. EST Thursday, Nov. 6, to announce discoveries from a sub-orbital rocket experiment that are redefining what we think of as galaxies.



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NASA Holds Telecon on Rocket Experiment Results

Spitzer Spies Spectacular Sombrero



NASA will host a news teleconference at 11 a.m. PST (2 p.m. EST) Thursday, Nov. 6, to announce discoveries from a sub-orbital rocket experiment that are redefining what we think of as galaxies.










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International Space Station Agency Heads Issue Joint Statement

The heads of the International Space Station (ISS) agencies from Canada, Europe, Japan, Russia and the United States met in Paris, France, on Nov. 4, 2014.



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NASA Awards Program Analysis and Control Contract

NASA has awarded the Program Analysis and Control (PAAC IV) contract to ASRC Federal InuTeq of Beltsville, Maryland.



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Saturday, 1 November 2014

Statement from NASA Administrator on Virgin Galactic SpaceShipTwo Mishap

“On behalf of the entire NASA family, I offer our deepest condolences to the family and loved ones of the pilot lost in today’s accident involving Virgin Galactic’s SpaceShipTwo, and we are praying for a speedy recovery of the other pilot."



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Rosetta lined up for lander delivery

Rosetta conducted an important manoeuvre this morning that shifted it onto the orbit it will maintain until 12 November, when Philae is set for dispatch to the surface of comet 67P/C-G.



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NASA Program Enhances Climate Resilience at Agency Facilities

A new study in the latest issue of the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society provides an in-depth look at how NASA facilities have been affected by climate extremes and climate change in recent years and how the agency is preparing for the future.



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