Thursday, 30 April 2015

Rock Spire in 'Spirit of St. Louis Crater' on Mars

Rock Spire in 'Spirit of St. Louis Crater' on Mars

An elongated crater called "Spirit of St. Louis," with a rock spire in it, dominates a recent scene from the panoramic camera (Pancam) on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity.





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NASA Awards Research Grants for Minority Serving Institutions

NASA's Minority University Research and Education Project (MUREP) has selected 10 minority serving universities for cooperative agreement awards valued at almost $47 million.

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NASA’s New Horizons Detects Surface Features, Possible Polar Cap on Pluto

For the first time, images from NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft are revealing bright and dark regions on the surface of faraway Pluto – the primary target of the New Horizons close flyby in mid-July.

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Wednesday, 29 April 2015

NASA's NuSTAR Captures Possible 'Screams' from Zombie Stars

Extra X-rays at the Hub of Our Milky Way Galaxy

NASA's NuSTAR has spotted a mysterious glow of high-energy X-rays in the heart of the Milky way that could be the "howls" of dead stars as they feed on stellar companions.





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NASA's NuSTAR Captures Possible 'Screams' from Zombie Stars

Peering into the heart of the Milky Way galaxy, NASA's Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) has spotted a mysterious glow of high-energy X-rays that, according to scientists, could be the "howls" of dead stars as they feed on stellar companions.

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Major release of NAVCAM images: 800 to 30 km

Today marks a major release from the Rosetta downlink and archive groups of detailed images of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko taken by Rosetta’s Navigation Camera, or NAVCAM. The 1297 images, which can be accessed via the Archive Image Browser, were acquired between 1 August and 23 September. This corresponds to the final approach of Rosetta to the comet, its arrival at a distance of 100 km on 6 August and its transition to a global mapping phase at 30 km (click here for an animation describing the spacecraft’s trajectories at this time). It was during these two months that mapping and characterisation of the comet’s surface began, and Philae’s candidate landing sites were proposed, analysed and finally selected. Caption: Getting to know Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. This animation of NAVCAM images follows the spacecraft’s approach to the comet from a distance of about 800 km on 1 August to a distance of about 62 km on 22 August 2014. Credits: ESA/Rosetta/NAVCAM – CC BY-SA IGO 3.0 Shown above is a taste of the images you can find in this latest release. The images are single frame 1024 x 1024 pixel images and cover the period 1-22 August. In late August the imaging scheme changed from single frame images to 2 x 2 rasters, once the spacecraft’s proximity to the comet meant that the nucleus overfilled the NAVCAM field of view. This transition is seen in the latest data release, and below is a montage of just a few incredible single-frame images you can find in the Browser from this period: Coming next month At the end of May even more detailed images will be released in the NAVCAM image browser and in the Planetary Science Archive. This release will again cover two months – this time October and November – and therefore cover the transition […]

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Hawaii Says 'Aloha' to NASA's Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator

Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator test vehicle

NASA's Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator test vehicle has arrived at the U.S. Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility in Kauai, Hawaii.





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NASA to Hold Media Call on Latest Images of Pluto from New Horizons Spacecraft

NASA will host a media teleconference at 3:30 p.m. EDT on Wednesday, April 29 to discuss recent images returned from the New Horizons spacecraft as it nears its historic July 14 encounter with Pluto. Officials also will provide an update on the timeline and significance of images the mission team will receive in the coming weeks.

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NASA Successfully Tests Shape-Changing Wing for Next Generation Aviation

Researchers, working in concert with the Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) and FlexSys Inc., of Ann Arbor, Michigan, successfully completed initial flight tests of a new morphing wing technology with the potential to save millions of dollars annually in fuel costs, reduce airframe weight and decrease aircraft noise during takeoffs and landings.

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Tuesday, 28 April 2015

Russian Resupply Ship Experiencing Difficulties; International Space Station, Crew are Fine

The six crew members of the International Space Station (ISS) are safe and continuing regular operations with sufficient supplies as Russian flight controllers plan for another attempt to communicate with a cargo resupply spacecraft bound for the station. The next attempt to link with the spacecraft comes at 8:50 p.m. EDT Tuesday.

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NASA Technology Day on Capitol Hill to Showcase Critical Journey to Mars Tech

To demonstrate how technology drives exploration, NASA will highlight key space technologies at its annual Technology Day on the Hill event from 3 to 7 p.m. EDT Thursday, April 29 in the Rayburn House Office Building Foyer in Washington.

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NASA Brings in Small Business for Further Development of Hypervelocity Vehicles

NASA has awarded the Entry Systems Technology Research and Development (ESTRAD) contract to Analytical Mechanics Associates, Inc., a small business in Hampton, Virginia.

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NASA Awards Grants for Research, Technology Development

NASA has awarded 26 grants totaling $9.9 million to help bolster the capacity and competitiveness of 28 states and territories (jurisdictions) in the area of technology research and development.

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NASA Wins 2015 Webby Awards

The websites and a mobile app selected for best-of-the-Web honors

The websites and a mobile app selected for best-of-the-Web honors represent the diversity of NASA's online offerings.





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Monday, 27 April 2015

NASA, Boeing ecoDemonstrator Jet Comes to Shreveport for Anti-Bug Research

NASA will test non-stick wing coatings designed to minimize insect residue and help reduce aircraft fuel consumption during flights in Shreveport, Louisiana during the next two weeks.

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CometWatch 20 April

This view of Comet 67P/C-G was taken on 20 April from a distance of 128 km from the comet centre. The resolution is 11 m/pixel and the image measures 11 km across. The image has been processed to bring out details of the comet’s activity, which can be seen all around the illuminated side of the nucleus. Particularly striking is the straight-edged shadow cast by the comet’s large lobe across the 'neck' of the small lobe. Details of the comet’s surface can also be seen. On the small lobe, shadows accentuate the steep cliffs of Hathor and this region’s transition into Anuket in the distance, and the much smoother Hapi in the foreground. On the large lobe, the outlines of a number of circular and quasi-circular structures are visible in Ash. The original 1024 x 1024 pixel image is provided below:    

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Saturday, 25 April 2015

Dawn Enters Science Orbit

This artist's concept shows NASA's Dawn spacecraft heading toward the dwarf planet Ceres.

NASA's Dawn spacecraft entered into its first science orbit on Thursday, April 23, as scheduled.





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Friday, 24 April 2015

CometWatch 18 April

This view of Comet 67P/C-G was taken on 18 April from a distance of 101 km from the comet centre. The resolution is 9 m/pixel and the image measures 9 km across. The image has been processed to bring out details of the comet’s activity while still maintaining details on the nucleus. In this orientation we see the comet’s small lobe towards the left, with the rugged cliffs of Hathor standing out. On the large lobe the transition between Apis and Ash can be seen, the images presented earlier this week providing the context. Once again, Imhotep is cast in shadow, with just a hint of the large lobe’s outline silhouetted against the comet’s background activity. The original 1024 x 1024 pixel image is provided below:

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Thursday, 23 April 2015

JPL Celebrates Hubble's 25th Anniversary

Embryonic Stars Emerge from Interstellar

This week marks the 25th anniversary of the launch of NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, and JPL is celebrating its significant role in the historic mission.





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NASA Unveils Celestial Fireworks as Official Image for Hubble 25th Anniversary

The brilliant tapestry of young stars flaring to life resemble a glittering fireworks display in the 25th anniversary NASA Hubble Space Telescope image, released to commemorate a quarter century of exploring the solar system and beyond since its launch on April 24, 1990.

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Mars Orbiter Views Curiosity Rover in 'Artist's Drive'

Mars Orbiter Sees Curiosity Rover in 'Artist's Drive'

A view from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter on April 8, 2015, catches sight of NASA's Curiosity Mars rover passing through a valley called "Artist's Drive" on the lower slope of Mount Sharp.





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NASA RapidScat Proving Valuable for Tropical Cyclones

ISS-RapidScat map

Forecasters are already finding NASA's new ISS-RapidScat mission helpful as they keep watch on major storms around the globe.





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NASA's NExSS Coalition to Lead Search for Life on Distant Worlds

Artist's concept of NASA's NExSS collaboration

A new initiative is dedicated to the search for life on planets outside our solar system.





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NASA Soil Moisture Mission Produces First Global Maps

SMAP radiometer image from March 31 - April 3, 2015

NASA's new satellite mission to map the water in the soil under our feet has passed another key milestone by generating its first full global maps.





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Jason-3 Will Add to Record of the Sea's Rise and Fall

Artist's rendering of Jason-3

Jason-3 will add to a 23-year data set used to study climate change and ocean cycles like El Niño, as well as for hurricane forecasts, navigation and other ocean needs.





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Wednesday, 22 April 2015

NASA Astronaut Scott Kelly Kicks Off Geography Trivia from Space

Where over the world is NASA astronaut Scott Kelly? Kelly, who is working and living aboard the International Space Station on a one-year mission, wants to test your knowledge of the world with a geography trivia game on Twitter.

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“Crescent comet” – CometWatch 15 and 16 April

Just when we think we have seen Comet 67P/C-G from all possible angles under the current illumination conditions, a striking view like this presents itself. The image was captured on 15 April 2015 by Rosetta’s Navigation camera from a distance of 162 km from the comet centre. The resolution is 14 m/pixel and the image measures 14 km across. It has been processed to bring out the incredible detail of the comet’s activity streaming away from the nucleus. The previous two CometWatch entries were also acquired on 15 April and today’s image fits into the sequence nicely, captured just before midday spacecraft time, a little over two hours after Monday’s entry. Under the viewing conditions at this time, the comet appears largely in shadow, with the ‘underside’ of the comet’s large lobe beautifully silhouetted against the background glow of activity that surrounds the nucleus. A hint of the small comet lobe can also be made out in the distance. A second image, captured around 13 hours later on 16 April helps to provide the context. The slight change in viewing geometry and illumination brings shadowed Imhotep into the light, making it easier to identify the neighbouring regional boundaries.   The original 1024 x 1024 pixel image for today’s images are provided below:

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Student Teams from Puerto Rico, Russia Take Top Spots at the 2015 NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge

Student teams from Puerto Rico and Russia Take Top Spots at 2015 NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge

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Tuesday, 21 April 2015

Media Accreditation Opens for SpaceX Commercial Crew Pad Abort Test

Media accreditation is open for a pad abort test of SpaceX’s Crew Dragon spacecraft next month. The test will simulate an emergency abort from a test stand on Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

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NASA TV Coverage Set for Space Station Cargo Ship Activities

NASA Television will provide live coverage of the departure of one cargo spacecraft from the International Space Station (ISS) and the arrival of another this month.

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GLOBE Program Marks 20 Years of Global Earth Science Education

On Earth Day, April 22, NASA and the National Science Foundation (NSF) celebrate 20 years of international cooperation and collaboration to engage students, scientists, and teachers in 114 countries in the scientific exploration of Earth’s environments and climate.

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NASA Extends Contract for Crew Health, Safety Work

NASA has extended and increased the value of its contract with Wyle Integrated Science and Engineering Group of Houston to provide continuing support to the Human Health and Performance Directorate at NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston.

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Monday, 20 April 2015

CometWatch 15 April – 4 hours later

Today's CometWatch entry is another single frame NAVCAM image taken on 15 April, almost four hours after the one that was published last Friday. The new picture was obtained at about 165 km from the centre of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, where the resolution of NAVCAM is 14 m/pixel. The image has been cropped and measures 10.4 km (the original frame, provided at the end of the post, measures 14.4 km across). The image has been processed to spotlight the comet’s activity, including the striking jet on the left, in proximity of the neck region. It is interesting to compare today's entry to CometWatch 31 January, which shows the comet in a similar orientation. An annotated version of the image is provided, along with a regional map of the comet, to help identify some of the regions on 67P/C-G. With the small lobe up and the large lobe down, today's view showcases two of the regions on the comet's neck, revealing the steep scarp of Anuket and the adjacent smooth Hapi region. Another smooth region, Anubis, dominates the view on the large lobe, partly surrounded by the more complex terrains of Atum. The small lobe features the sharp ridge between Serqet and Anuket and, towards the right, hints of the rough terrains of Maftet are also in sight. The original 1024 x 1024 image is provided below:  

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Ceres' Bright Spots Come Back Into View

Settling in at Ceres

The two brightest spots on dwarf planet Ceres, which have fascinated scientists for months, are back in view in the newest images from NASA's Dawn spacecraft.





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Ceres' Bright Spots Come Back Into View

Settling in at Ceres

The two brightest spots on dwarf planet Ceres, which have fascinated scientists for months, are back in view in the newest images from NASA's Dawn spacecraft.





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OSIRIS catches activity in the act

Rosetta’s scientific imaging system OSIRIS has witnessed a new jet of dust emerging from the surface of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. The image was presented during the European Geosciences Union General Assembly, EGU, in Vienna last week. Sometimes it is all a matter of being in the right place at the right time. Or, as in the case of ESA’s space probe Rosetta, of opening your eyes at the exactly right moment. In mid-March, the OSIRIS camera was able to catch the elusive moment when a new dust jet from comet 67P/C-G burst into life. The comet’s activity has been significantly increasing over the last weeks and months. As the comet moves closer to the Sun along its orbit, its nucleus gets warmer and warmer. Frozen gases sublimate from its surface, carrying dust particles with it and enshrouding the nucleus in a dense coma. With only four months to go until perihelion – the closest point to the Sun – this process is well underway, with pronounced dust jets seen at all times on the comet’s day side. The two images released today show the remarkable onset of such a jet for the first time. They were taken on 12 March from a distance of 75 kilometres. In the first image, obtained at 07:13 CET, several rays of dust jets frame the upper, illuminated side of the comet. The dark underside shows no such features. Two minutes later, the picture has changed: a spectacular new jet has emerged on the dark side, hurtling dust into space and displaying a clearly discernable fine structure. “This was a chance discovery,” says OSIRIS principal investigator Holger Sierks from the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research (MPS) in Germany. “No one has ever witnessed the wake-up of a dust jet before. It is impossible to […]

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Saturday, 18 April 2015

NASA Exercises Contract Option for White Sands Test Facility

NASA is exercising its second cost-plus-award-fee option to extend the period of performance with Jacobs Technology Inc. of Tullahoma, Tennessee, to provide test evaluation and support services at the agency's White Sands Test Facility in Las Cruces, New Mexico.



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Friday, 17 April 2015

NASA Nominated for 2015 Best-of-the-Web Honors

Several NASA websites are nominated for the 2015 Webby People's Voice Awards.



Fans of NASA can vote for the agency's nominees in the 2015 Webby awards competition.










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NASA's Curiosity Rover Making Tracks and Observations

Ten Kilometers and Counting, on Mars



NASA's Curiosity Mars rover is approaching a new geological unit and has surpassed 10 kilometers in total distance driven on Mars.










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Celebrate with NASA as Agency Commemorates Hubble Space Telescope’s 25th Anniversary

NASA is celebrating the Hubble Space Telescope's 25th anniversary with a variety of events highlighting its groundbreaking achievements and scientific contributions with activities running April 20-26.



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Dawn Glimpses Ceres' North Pole

Ceres' North Pole



After spending more than a month in orbit on the dark side of dwarf planet Ceres, NASA's Dawn spacecraft has captured several views of the sunlit north pole of this intriguing world.










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Thursday, 16 April 2015

NASA Spacecraft Achieves Unprecedented Success Studying Mercury

After extraordinary science findings and technological innovations, a NASA spacecraft launched in 2004 to study Mercury will impact the planet’s surface, most likely on April 30, after it runs out of propellant.



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NASA Awards Radiation Challenge Winners, Launches Next Round to Seek Ideas for Protecting Humans on the Journey to Mars

NASA awarded $12,000 to five winners of a challenge to mitigate radiation exposure on deep space missions and launched a new follow-on challenge to identify innovative ways of protecting crews on the journey to Mars.



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NASA, USGS Begin Work on Landsat 9 to Continue Land Imaging Legacy

NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have started work on Landsat 9, planned to launch in 2023, which will extend the Earth-observing program’s record of land images to half a century.



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Rosetta ground based campaign: Comet 67P/C-G recovered on 13 April

This post is based on an article published on the NASA JPL Rosetta science blog. Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko is back! In fact, the comet has been in sight for Rosetta for many months, but since the end of last year it was not possible to observe it with telescopes on Earth because it was in solar conjunction. But now the comet has been recovered by amateur astronomers Jean-Francois Soulier, Jean-Gabriel Bosch and Alain Maury, who observed it from Chile on 13 April 2015 at a magnitude of of 16.8. Congratulations to the observers! Padma A. Yanamandra-Fisher, Rosetta Coordinator of the Amateur Observations for Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, would like to alert the amateur astronomer community that 67P/C-G has now been recovered post-solar conjunction and invite them to participate in the campaign to observe the comet from April to December 2015, as Rosetta accompanies the comet to its perihelion and outbound journey. “Amateur and professional observers should start to observe, safely, and please post with all the necessary information,” says Padma. “Those who can record the data in FITS, please provide us with RAW uncompressed data files.” Amateur astronomers will be able to make significant contributions to the campaign, especially in 2015, leading up to perihelion in August and beyond, to the post-perihelion phase when the comet will be at its brightest (September – November). They can contribute in many formats, ranging from imaging, spectroscopic and binocular observations to sketches. For more information on how to join and contribute to the campaign, read the full article on the NASA JPL Rosetta science blog, here.



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Asteroid Named for Nobel Prize Winner Joins Historic Lineup

An asteroid discovered by NASA's NEOWISE spacecraft



An asteroid discovered by NASA's NEOWISE spacecraft has a new designation: 316201 Malala, to honor Malala Yousafzai of Pakistan, who received the 2014 Nobel Peace Prize.










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NASA Selects American Small Business and Research Institution Projects for Further Development

NASA has selected 149 research and technology proposals from American small businesses and research institutions that will enable NASA's future missions into the solar system and beyond while benefiting America's technology-driven economy right here on Earth.



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Wednesday, 15 April 2015

Glitter Cloud May Serve As Space Mirror

This image shows laser light reflected off of a glitter mirror onto a camera sensor.



Space telescopes may one day make use of glitter-like materials to help take images of new worlds, according to JPL researchers.










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NASA Celebrates Earth Day with Public Events, Online Activities

NASA Administrator Charles Bolden speaks to students



NASA will celebrate the 45th annual Earth Day April 17-22 with a variety of live and online activities to engage the public in the agency's mission to better understand and protect our home planet.










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Research for One-Year Space Station Mission Among NASA Cargo Launched Aboard SpaceX Resupply Flight

Research that will help prepare NASA astronauts and robotic explorers for future missions to Mars is among the two tons of cargo now on its way to the International Space Station (ISS) aboard SpaceX's Dragon spacecraft. The spacecraft launched on a Falcon 9 rocket at 4:10 p.m. EDT Tuesday, April 14 from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.



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NASA Celebrates Earth Day with Public Events, Online Activities

NASA will celebrate the 45th annual Earth Day April 17-22 with a variety of live and online activities to engage the public in the agency’s mission to better understand and protect our home planet.



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Icy Tendrils Reaching into Saturn Ring Traced to Their Source

Simulations of the Tendrils



Long, sinuous, tendril-like structures seen near Enceladus originate directly from its geysers, according to scientists studying images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft.










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NASA's Spitzer Spots Planet Deep Within Our Galaxy

Map of Exoplanets Found in Our Galaxy



NASA's Spitzer Space Telescope has teamed up with a telescope on the ground to find a remote gas planet about 13,000 light-years away, making it one of the most distant planets known.










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Tuesday, 14 April 2015

NASA’s New Horizons Spacecraft Nears Historic July 14 Encounter with Pluto

NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft is three months from returning to humanity the first-ever close up images and scientific observations of distant Pluto and its system of large and small moons.



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NASA-funded Study Explains Saturn's Epic Tantrums

This series of images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft shows the development of a huge storm



The long-standing mystery of why Saturn seethes with enormous storms every 30 years may have been solved by scientists working with data from NASA's Cassini mission.










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NASA to Celebrate MESSENGER Mission Prior to Surface Impact of Mercury

NASA will hold a media and public event at 1 p.m. EDT on Thursday, April 16, to share scientific findings and technical accomplishments of the agency’s MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) spacecraft.



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Monday, 13 April 2015

NASA Mars Rover's Weather Data Bolster Case for Brine

Mars Weather-Station Tools on Rover's Mast



Martian weather and soil conditions that NASA's Curiosity rover has measured, together with a type of salt found in Martian soil, could put liquid brine in the soil at night.










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NASA to Host Human Exploration Rover Challenge

The annual NASA Human Exploration Rover Challenge will take place April 17-18 at the U.S. Space & Rocket Center in Huntsville, Alabama.



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Dawn's Ceres Color Map Reveals Surface Diversity

Dawn's First Color Map of Ceres



A new color map of dwarf planet Ceres, which NASA's Dawn spacecraft has been orbiting since March, reveals the diversity of the surface of this planetary body.










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Saturday, 11 April 2015

NASA Awards Architect-Engineer Services Contract for Launch Infrastructure

NASA has selected BPRH Architect and Engineers, Inc., of Melbourne, Florida, and Jones Edmunds and Associates, Inc., of Gainesville, Florida, to provide architect-engineer services to rehabilitate, modernize and develop new and existing civil infrastructure and facilities at Kennedy Space Center and Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida, Vandenberg Air Force Base in California, and other NASA assets, launch or landing sites worldwide.



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Researchers Test Smartphones for Earthquake Warning

Cell phones can detect ground motion and warn others before strong shaking arrives.



Smartphones and other personal electronic devices could, in some regions of the world, function as early warning systems for large earthquakes, according to a new study.










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NASA/Forest Service Maps Aid Fire Recovery

The 2013 Rim fire in and near Yosemite National Park, California, was the third largest in the state's history



New maps of two recent California megafires that combine unique data sets from the U.S. Forest Service and JPL are answering some of the urgent questions that follow a huge wildfire.










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Friday, 10 April 2015

Next listening opportunities for Philae

Based on the latest report published by the German Aerospace Centre. Despite Rosetta’s new trajectory scheme, the orbiter is still able to listen out for its lander Philae, in case it has woken up from hibernation. Thus a new listening window opens on Sunday, 12 April. “The communication unit on the orbiter will be turned on around the clock,” says Dr Stephan Ulamec, lander manager at DLR. “Most likely, Philae will wake up in May or June, but we don’t want to miss the moment if it should have enough energy and a sufficiently high operating temperature to wake up earlier.” To wake up and listen for signals from Rosetta, Philae must have at least 5.5 watts and an operating temperature above –45 degrees Celsius. With a bit more energy, around 19 watts, Philae would be able to return the ‘call’. “As we did already last month, we will send blind commands to the lander that will help it make optimum use of its energy for heating and communication,” says Stephan. Thus, if Philae is already awake, it may be able to receive and run the commands sent, even if it does not yet have enough power to acknowledge having done so. The team remains excited about the prospect of Philae waking up and being able to send data back to Earth via Rosetta again. “This first dataset will tell us more about the health of the lander, its temperature, and the amount of energy it is receiving on its solar panels," says Stephan. The team hopes there will eventually be enough solar power available to continue with science observations on the surface. “The closer the comet gets to the Sun, the greater the chances that Philae wakes up,” adds Stephan. Read the previous reports about the Philae wake-up campaign: […]



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New trajectories for Rosetta

Rosetta continues to recover well from the problems experienced during the close flyby over the weekend of 28 March that resulted in the spacecraft entering safe mode. Some of the science instruments are now switched back on again, and more will follow in the coming week. As a result of the safe mode, Rosetta moved onto an ‘escape trajectory’ taking it approximately 400 km from Comet 67P/C-G. An orbital correction manoeuvre was executed on 1 April to start to bring the spacecraft back again, and with a second manoeuvre executed on 4 April, the target distance of 140 km was reached on 8 April. But the previous difficulties in navigation mean that the operations team needs to be cautious while bringing the spacecraft even closer. In particular, they will need to assess the behaviour of the spacecraft’s star trackers in the environment of the increasingly active comet, since the previous navigation issues resulted from the star trackers becoming confused by comet particles. “This has ultimately meant a complete replanning of the upcoming flyby trajectories,” says Rosetta spacecraft operations manager Sylvain Lodiot. “We’re first moving to a terminator orbit at a distance of 140 km and then we’re targeting 100 km. Then we will adopt a similar strategy to when we first approached the comet in August last year. That is, we will fly ‘pyramid’ trajectories, starting at about 100 km on 11 April, and we’ll monitor how the spacecraft reacts before moving closer.” Three of these pyramid trajectories are currently planned up until the end of April. The team will assess the situation each week before deciding to move closer or, if necessary, to move further away again. “We’re now assessing the impact of the new trajectory scheme on the planned science observations for the months ahead, including those which […]



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NASA Hosts Briefings on Historic Mission to Pluto

NASA Television will air media briefings at 1 p.m. EDT and 2:30 p.m. on Tuesday, April 14, to discuss plans and related upcoming activities about the agency’s historic New Horizons spacecraft flyby of Pluto this summer.



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Thursday, 9 April 2015

They're Off and Running for NASA Rover Mars Marathon

Runners at JPL are celebrating the first Martian marathon



Runners at JPL have begun the first of 22 laps in a marathon-length relay today to celebrate the Opportunity Mars rover's achievement of driving farther than a marathon on Mars.










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GIADA investigates comet’s “fluffy” dust grains

In a recent paper published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters, the GIADA team present their findings on the properties of dust particles from Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. This blog post has been prepared with inputs from lead author Marco Fulle, and GIADA principal investigator Alessandra Rotundi. GIADA, the Grain Impact Analyser and Dust Accumulator, is designed to capture dust particles in the coma of Comet 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko as Rosetta flies around it. The characteristic properties of the dust grains can be used to infer the history of the material being ejected from comet. The latest study focuses on the dust particles collected between 1 August 2014 and 14 January 2015. The GIADA team find that the dust particles impacting on their detectors can be separated into two families: ‘compact’ particles with sizes in the range 0.03–1 mm, and somewhat larger ‘fluffy aggregates’ with sizes between 0.2 and 2.5 mm. The individual compact particles have a bulk density of 800–3000 kg/m3, consistent with a variety of minerals or mixtures of minerals. On the other hand, the larger aggregates are made up of many sub-micron sized grains with void spaces in between, resulting in fluffy, highly porous structures that are mostly empty space. These aggregates are associated with the fluffy particles seen by Rosetta’s COSIMA instrument. Indeed, the fluffy particles have effective densities of less than 1 kg/m3, literally lighter than air (at sea-level), and which Marco likens to the equivalent density of a dandelion seed head in a vacuum. During the study period, a total of 193 compact particles were detected, impacting the GIADA detectors at an average speed of 3 m/s. A total of 853 detections of fluffy particles were made, the great majority associated with 45 dust ‘showers’. Roughly 2–3 of these showers were seen by GIADA each week, lasting anywhere between […]



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Heat-Converting Material Patents Licensed

Thermoelectric material



JPL has licensed patents on high-temperature thermoelectric materials to Evident Technologies, Troy, New York.










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Wednesday, 8 April 2015

Near and far – CometWatch 28 March-2 April

CometWatch is back with two images, to offer a taste of Rosetta's trajectory in the past couple of weeks. The first of today's entries is a 2x2 montage of NAVCAM images obtained on Saturday 28 March from a distance of 31.3 km from the centre of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko. These images were taken as Rosetta departed from the comet, almost seven hours after its close flyby 14 km from the surface of 67P/C-G. In this view, the small lobe of the comet can be seen in the foreground, with the circular depression in the Hatmehit region well visible in the lower left frame. The large comet lobe is seen in the distance, with portions of the Seth and Ash regions dominating the two right frames. After the 28 March flyby, Rosetta encountered some navigation issues that that resulted in it moving about 400 km from 67P/C-G. To bring the spacecraft closer to the comet again, a manoeuvre was successfully performed on Wednesday 1 April. Today's second CometWatch entry was taken on the following day, Thursday 2 April, at a distance of about 385 from the comet's centre. The image is part of a 2x2 raster of four NAVCAM frames. Out of the four images, this one contains most of the comet's nucleus, while at the same time providing an astonishing view of the comet's activity, with jets of diffuse material extending diagonally across the frame. In this orientation, the comet's small lobe is also in the foreground, with Hatmehit well in sight. Part of the large lobe is visible in the background. An update on the status of Rosetta and the upcoming planned trajectories will be provided in a separate blog post. The original frames for both the montage and the single frame image are provided below:



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NASA TV Coverage Set for Sixth SpaceX Resupply Mission to Space Station

The sixth SpaceX cargo mission to the International Space Station under NASA's Commercial Resupply Services contract is scheduled to launch on Monday, April 13, from Space Launch Complex 40 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. NASA Television coverage of the launch begins at 3:30 p.m. EDT.



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Scientists Take Aim at Four Corners Methane Mystery

Shiprock, New Mexico



Researchers from NASA and other institutions are in the U.S. Southwest, aiming to uncover reasons for a mysterious methane "hot spot" detected from space.










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NASA Selects Proposals for Ultra-Lightweight Materials for Journey to Mars and Beyond

NASA has selected three proposals to develop and manufacture ultra-lightweight (ULW) materials for future aerospace vehicles and structures. The proposals will mature advanced technologies that will enable NASA to reduce the mass of spacecraft by 40 percent for deep space exploration.



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Tuesday, 7 April 2015

The Solar System and Beyond is Awash in Water

NASA is exploring our solar system and beyond to understand the workings of the universe



Next time you sip a humble glass of H2O, consider this: The story of water connects each of us to processes that shape our universe.










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NASA Joins Forces to Put Satellite Eyes on Threat to U.S. Freshwater

NASA has joined forces with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and U.S. Geological Survey to transform satellite data designed to probe ocean biology into information that will help protect the American public from harmful freshwater algal blooms.



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Dawn In Excellent Shape One Month After Ceres Arrival

Artist's concept of Dawn above Ceres around the time it was captured into orbit by the dwarf planet in early March.



Since its capture by the gravity of dwarf planet Ceres on March 6, NASA's Dawn spacecraft has performed flawlessly, continuing to thrust with its ion engine as planned.










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NASA Hosts Student Rocket Fair, Helps Students Launch High-Power Rockets

More than 30 high school, college and university teams will launch student-built rockets during the 15th annual NASA Student Launch event April 10-11 near NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Alabama.



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NASA Extends Campaign for Public to Name Features on Pluto

The public has until Friday, April 24 to help name new features on Pluto and its orbiting satellites as they are discovered by NASA’s New Horizons mission.



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NASA Selects 2015 Carl Sagan Fellows

The Sagan Fellowship program, named after the late Carl Sagan, supports talented young scientists in their mission to explore the unknown.



NASA has selected six scientists as recipients of the 2015 Carl Sagan Exoplanet Postdoctoral Fellowships.










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NASA Celebrates Earth Day with #NoPlaceLikeHome Event

There are (so far) 1,800 known planets beyond our solar system, but among all of them, there's no place like Earth.



This Earth Day, April 22, NASA is asking people around the world to share pictures and videos on social media that show there is no place like home -- planet Earth.










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Monday, 6 April 2015

NASA Celebrates Earth Day with #NoPlaceLikeHome Event

This Earth Day, April 22, NASA is asking people around the world to share pictures and videos on social media that show there is no place like home – planet Earth.



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Saturday, 4 April 2015

NASA Takes Space Apps 2015 Challenge to New York for Main Event

NASA is gearing up for its fourth annual International Space Apps Challenge, April 10-12. The event unfolds at more than 135 locations worldwide, including this year’s Global Mainstage event in New York featuring NASA astronaut Cady Coleman, agency Chief Scientist Ellen Stofan, and Deborah Diaz, NASA’s chief technology officer for IT.



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Friday, 3 April 2015

Team Returning Orbiter to Duty After Computer Swap

Artist concept of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. Image credit: NASA/JPL



NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, at Mars since 2006, made an unplanned switch on Wednesday from one main computer to a redundant one onboard, triggering a hiatus in planned activities.










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Thursday, 2 April 2015

NASA Creates Partnership to Advance Composite Materials for Aircraft of the Future

NASA has established a public-private partnership with five organizations to advance knowledge about composite materials that could improve the performance of future aircraft.



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NASA's Curiosity Eyes Prominent Mineral Veins on Mars

Prominent Veins at 'Garden City' on Mount Sharp, Mars



NASA's Curiosity Mars rover has climbed uphill from an outcrop it studied for six months and found a site with two-tone mineral veins forming "ice-cream sandwich" ridges.










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NASA's Search for Water and Habitable Planets

Solar system and beyond ad



NASA will air an event on Tuesday, April 7, about recent discoveries of water and organics in our solar system, our sun's role in water-loss in neighboring planets, and our search for habitable worlds.










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NASA: California Tuolumne Snowpack 40 Percent of Worst Year

Deficit in the total volume of water contained within the Tuolumne River Basin snowpack from this time in 2014 to now.



New NASA data find the snowpack in the Tuolumne River Basin currently contains just 40 percent as much water as it did near this time at its highest level of 2014.










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NASA to Host Teleconference and Twitter Chat to Discuss Shortest Lunar Eclipse of the Century

NASA will host a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT on Friday April 3, to explain and answer questions about the shortest lunar eclipse of the century.



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Wednesday, 1 April 2015

Our Solar System and Beyond: NASA’s Search for Water and Habitable Planets

NASA Television will air an event from 1 – 2 p.m. EDT on Tuesday, April 7, featuring leading science and engineering experts discussing the recent discoveries of water and organics in our solar system, the role our sun plays in water-loss in neighboring planets, and our search for habitable worlds among the stars.



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CometWatch 28 March – 14 km flyby

As part of the recent series of trajectories around Comet 67P/C-G, Rosetta passed within about 14 km of the comet’s surface on Saturday. Despite operational difficulties encountered during the flyby, Rosetta’s NAVCAM was able to acquire images on the way in to and shortly after closest approach. The approach images were acquired between 09:33 and 09:51 UT, and show an oblique view across the Imhotep region. This provides the focus for the two-image mosaic presented above, which has been cropped and rotated to highlight the impressive scenery. Focusing on the 2x2 montage in its original orientation (below), the scene captures the boundary between Imhotep and Ash to the left. The cliffs of Hathor on the small lobe are visible in the background at the far left. Note that the top-right frame also includes the region that was imaged during the 14 February flyby at 6 km. The second set of images, presented below, was acquired between 14:35 and 14:53 UT, not long after the closest approach at 13:04 UT. In this orientation the large lobe is to the left and the small lobe to the right. The top right frame offers a particularly stunning view onto Hapi, the comet’s ‘neck’ region that is littered with boulders. This view also provides a good look at the many interesting, curved markings visible on the smooth surface. In the same frame, further details in the cliffs of Hathor can be seen, leading up to the ‘head’ of the comet’s small lobe. The smooth region towards the right of this frame shows the transition between this smooth, presumably dust-covered portion, and the layered, exposed cliffs below. Note that the montages have been tweaked in Lightroom for global intensity/contrast, but there have not been any local adjustments made of e.g. ghosts/vignetting or other local intensity […]



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Rosetta status report: close flyby navigation issues

During its most recent close flyby last Saturday, where Rosetta flew within 14 km of the surface of the comet, the spacecraft experienced significant difficulties in navigation. This resulted in its high gain antenna starting to drift away from pointing at the Earth, impacting communications, and was subsequently followed by a ‘safe mode’ event. The spacecraft has now been successfully recovered, but it will take a little longer to resume normal scientific operations. Here is the full report from the mission team: Rosetta has been flying a series of flyby trajectories around Comet 67P/C-G since February, allowing the spacecraft to collect scientific data from a range of distances. Its closest flyby to date took it just 6 km from the surface of the comet – over the Imhotep region on the comet’s large lobe – on 14 February. On Saturday 28 March, Rosetta performed a 16 km flyby (about 14 km from the surface), also over the comet’s large lobe. With activity from the comet increasing as it moves closer to the Sun, operating Rosetta close to the comet means flying through denser regions of outflowing gas and dust. This results in the spacecraft and its large solar arrays being exposed to significantly more drag. Furthermore, as experienced during the 14 February flyby, operating this close to the comet also has another effect: the spacecraft’s star trackers, used to navigate, are confused by mistaking comet debris for stars. Crucially, the star trackers also help control the attitude of the spacecraft: by using an autonomous star pattern recognition function, they provide input to the the onboard Attitude and Orbit Control and Measurement Subsystem used to maintain the spacecraft’s orientation with respect to the stars. This allows the spacecraft to know its orientation with respect to the Sun and Earth. In turn, […]



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Media Spun Up on NASA Cutting-edge Mars Landing Technology

Members of the media got an up-close look at LDSD flight-test vehicles currently in preparation



NASA's Low-Density Supersonic Decelerator (LDSD) project will be flying a rocket-powered, saucer-shaped test vehicle into near-space from the Navy's Pacific Missile Range Facility on Kauai, Hawaii, in June.










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Curiosity Sniffs Out History of Martian Atmosphere

Preparation for analytical measurements on Mars



NASA's Curiosity rover is using a new experiment to better understand the history of the Martian atmosphere by analyzing xenon.










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NASA Releases Tool Enabling Citizen Scientists to Examine Asteroid Vesta

Viewof Vesta Trek's interface



NASA has announced the release of Vesta Trek, a free, web-based application that provides detailed visualizations of Vesta, one of the largest asteroids in our solar system.










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Curiosity Sniffs Out History of Martian Atmosphere

NASA's Curiosity rover is using a new experiment to better understand the history of the Martian atmosphere by analyzing xenon.



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NASA’s OSIRIS-REx Mission Passes Critical Milestone

NASA's groundbreaking science mission to retrieve a sample from an ancient space rock has moved closer to fruition. The Origins Spectral Interpretation Resource Identification Security Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) mission has passed a critical milestone in its path towards launch and is officially authorized to transition into its next phase.



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